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KMID : 1172020130140010065
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Journal of Korean Bioethics Association
2013 Volume.14 No. 1 p.65 ~ p.86
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A Retrospective Study on History of Science and Science and Technology Laws and Bioethics Law in Korea
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Lee In-Young
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Abstract
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Scientific research is a major driving force in the field of health and social care and greater use of scientific knowledge would considerably improve human health. The sciences should contribute to providing everyone with a deeper understanding of nature and society, a better quality of life and a sustainable and healthy environment for present and future generations. Over the last 60 years science and technology has evolved considerably in Korea. 1960s and 1970s, the government focused on the development of science and technology. The role played by the social sciences in the analysis of social transformations related to scientific and technological developments and the search for solutions to the problems generated in the process. The end of 1990 the government had an interest in bioethics legislation on behalf of development policy of science. Scientists and government have a special responsibility for seeking to avert applications of science which are ethically wrong or have an adverse impact. Bioethics Act was enacted in 2005 and basic principles of the relation on the society and science were stated in this act.
Progress in science has required various types of cooperation at and between the intergovernmental, governmental and non-governmental levels. New initiatives are required for interdisciplinary collaboration. Parliaments and governments should be invited to provide a legal, institutional and economic basis for enhancing scientific and technological capacity in the public and private sectors and facilitate their interaction. In the 2000s, science-related legislations were enacted including the contents of the citizen participation regulations. However, there are a lots of lack of procedural democracy to establish suitable measures to use of scientific knowledge and its applications and to have full and open access to scientific discussions.
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KEYWORD
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Science and technology, Bioethics, Scientific Promotion Act, Bioethics Law, History of Science, Framework Act on Science and Technology
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